processing in the textile industry has recently increased because of a larger awareness of environmental issues. For the case of indigo dyeing process, the reducing agent conventionally used is the - environmentally unfavourable – sodium dithionite, which will be replaced in this study with an ecological reducing agent called
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Sodium dithionite is a reducing agent used in the reduction of textile dyes during dyeing processes. It helps to make these dyes soluble in water, ensuring the quality and reproducibility of the dyed textile product. ... New process of indigo reduction using NADH dependent reductases from Bacillus subtilis in the presence of redox mediators is ...
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Rapid Quanti fi cation of Sodium Dithionite by Ion ... only one injection is required for determination of the purity of a dithionite sample. The process, including the generation of the calibration curve, can be automated. ... The Yellowing of Paper and Conservation Bleaching. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 1068. (13) Torimoto, N. An Indigo Plant ...
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The reduction with sodium dithionite leads to the formation of substantial quantities of waste water and thus led to the development of alternative reduction methods, such as the reduction with...
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— BACKGROUND. The SO 2 and NO emitted from coal-fired power plants have caused serious air pollution in China. Fe II EDTA complexation technology is one of the most promising processes to realize the simultaneous removal of SO 2 and NO. However, Fe II EDTA is easily oxidized to Fe III EDTA, causing loss of activity, which …
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— Dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate (DCB) treatment is a classical method for removing iron oxides from soil. The DCB-induced dissolution effects on iron oxides are …
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— Sodium dithionite (Na 2 S 2 O 4), the most widely used reducing agent for industrial indigo dyeing, is considered environmentally unfavorable because sulfite and …
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— Sodium dithionite (Na 2 S 2 O 4) is used in dye bath for indigo blue extraction, but this reducing agent and its derivatives are major pollutants of textile industry and subsequently have hazardous influences on public health. Herein, the present study was designed to obtain the high yield of natural indigo dye but with low possible toxic ...
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— As a vat dye, prior to dyeing indigo needs to be reduced back to leuco-form, which is typically done in industrial processes with sodium dithionite in the presence of …
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— Various chemicals and techniques have been employed for the indigo reduction process. Sodium dithionite (hydrosulfite: Na 2 S 2 O 4) is the most common reducing agent used industrially because of its effective reducing power and its availability in an easy-to-handle solid form.Indigo is reduced rapidly by Na 2 S 2 O 4 even at room …
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Sodium dithionite under nitrogen at 80 °C in a water/benzene mixture and in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst reduces dienoic carboxylic acids and esters in a 1,6-mode. 425 Enones such as isophorone, ... (SET) process with the Na 2 S 2 O 4 generates the active trifluoromethyl radical.
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Restoration Insights Gained from a Field Deployment of Dithionite … The first two batches were prepared at approximately 0.5 M sodium dithionite, 0.65 M sodium sulfite, and 0.24 M sodium sulfide, which was expected to result in a dithionite injection concentration of about 0.05 M after the 1:10 dilution in the injection plumbing, thus roughly matching the …
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Sodium Dithionite Na2S2O4 bulk & research qty manufacturer. Properties, SDS, Applications, Price. Free samples program. ... P501 Dispose of contents/ container to an approved waste disposal plant. 2.3 Hazards not otherwise classified (HNOC) or not covered by GHS ... Avoid formation of dust and aerosols.Further processing of solid materials …
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Aluminum chloride and ferric chloride used primarily in chemical processing. Read more; Inorganics salts and alcoholates are manufactured at our integrated manufacturing site ("Verbund") in Ludwigshafen, Germany, with also a sodium methylate plant in Guaratingueta. Our portfolio of alcoholates, ammonium salts, sulfites, hydrosulfites ...
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Patent EPB1 A method for producing sodium ... A method for producing sodium dithionite ... comprising an odorous gas incineration plant 2 and a gas scrubber 3 for processing flue gases developed in the combustion .....
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Sodium dithionite mediated one-pot, ... a Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Process Chemistry), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India E-mail: [email protected]. Abstract. A chemoselective reduction of a nitro group in the presence of an aldehyde or ester group integrated with ...
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— Remediation of hexavalent chromium contamination in chromite ore processing residue by sodium dithionite and sodium phosphate addition and its mechanism. Author links open ... Henan province, China (34.796 N, 111.877 E), where the Zhenxing Chemical Plant was previously located. Information on analytical methods used for …
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Sodium dithionite also decomposes in aqueous N,N-dimethylformamide under air to form sulfur dioxide, which is the oxidant in the final oxidation step that leads to the desired heterocyclic compounds. A. H. Romero, J. Salazar, …
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plant. 2.3 Hazards not otherwise classified (HNOC) or not covered by GHS ... Synonyms : Sodium hypodisulfite Formula : Na 2 O 4 S 2 Molecular weight : 174.11 g/mol CAS-No. : EC-No. : 231-890-0 Index-No. : 016-028-00-1 Component Classification Concentration sodium dithionite 1; Acute Tox. 4; Eye Irrit. 2A; Aquatic Acute 3; <= 100 % ...
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— Visit ChemicalBook To find more Sodium dithionite() information like chemical properties,Structure,melting point,boiling point,density,molecular formula,molecular weight, physical properties,toxicity information,customs codes. You can also browse global suppliers,vendor,prices,Price,manufacturers of Sodium …
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Bleaching of high-yield chemical pulps is achieved by decolonizing with either an oxidizing agent (combines oxygen) or a reducing agent (combines hydrogen). Chlorine gas, …
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Sodium dithionite, Na_{2}S_{2}O_{4}, is an important reducing agent. One interesting use is the reduction of chromate ion to insoluble chromium(III) hydroxide by dithionite ion, S_{2}O_{4}^{2−}, in basic solution. Sulfite ion is another product. The chromate ion may be present in wastewater from a chromium-plating plant, for example.
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Abstract Sodium dithionite (SDT) is a reducing agent used in conservation, mainly for iron stain removal from both organic and inorganic substrates, and occasionally to treat corroded copper and silver artifacts. The purpose of this review is to provide information about the use and limitations of SDT, based on its solution chemistry and on the conservation …
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Sodium dithionite (Na2S2O4) may have the potential to be used as a reducing agent for the stabilization of glucomannan in kraft cooking for increased pulp yield.
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THE THIOSULFATE PROBLEM. As little as 10 ppm thiosulfate (S2O3 2-) in paper machine white water will cause severe corrosion of 304-stainless steel in less than 15 days. …
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— Large amounts of chromite ore processing residue (COPR) wastes have been deposited in many countries worldwide, generating significant contamination issues from the highly mobile and toxic hexavalent chromium species (Cr(VI)). In this study, sodium dithionite (Na2S2O4 …
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— Normalised residual xanthate concentration in solution after decomposition in 500 mg/L dithionite solution at pH 3, 5, 7, 9, 11. ΔpH was monitored at pH 5 and 7, where there was a significant ...
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— The first two batches were prepared at approximately 0.5 M sodium dithionite, 0.65 M sodium sulfite, and 0.24 M sodium sulfide, which was expected to result in a dithionite injection concentration of about 0.05 M after the 1:10 dilution in the injection plumbing, thus roughly matching the injection concentration in the single-well dithionite …
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— Based on the reduction of azobenzene by dithionite, probes NS-1 and NS-2 were developed which could respond to dithionite selectively and the limits of detection (LODs) were 0.51 μM and 1.02 μM, respectively, but the time required to complete the response process was as long as 10 min (Dong, Song, Kong, Zhang, & Lin, 2019).
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— nZVI could be prepared by reducing iron salts with sodium dithionite at high pH, resulting in a mixture of very small elemental iron particles imbedded in a sulfite …
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— Paraquat acts rapidly and in a non-specific manner on plant tissues and destroys them. Paraquat was first produced commercially during the 1960s and in India, it is available as a dichloride salt under the trade names Gramoxone and Weedol. ... The sodium dithionite test can detect paraquat up to a concentration of 1 μg/mL in a clear …
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— We investigated a method for delivering ferrous iron into the subsurface to enhance chemical reduction of Cr(VI) in chromite ore processing solid waste (COPSW) derived from the production of ferrochrome alloy. The COPSW is characterized by high pH (8.5-11.5) and high Cr(VI) concentrations in the sol …
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SAFETY DATA SHEET Creation Date 27-Nov-2010 Revision Date 13-Oct-2023 Revision Number 8 1. Identification Product Name Sodium hydrosulfite No. : S310-100; S310-500; S80-182 CAS No Synonyms Sodium dithionite Recommended Use Laboratory chemicals. Uses advised against Food, drug, pesticide or biocidal product …
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Sodium dithionite (also called sodium hydrosulfite) reduces the diazo linkage, breaking the bond between the nitrogens and leaving a primary amine on both fragments of the crosslinker (Figure 9.3). The reaction is usually carried out in alkaline conditions; a 25-min incubation with 0.1-M dithionite in 0.2-M sodium borate, pH 9, works well. As ...
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— The current indigo dye mill process consists of repeatedly dipping ropes of cotton yarn into multiple dye baths containing an aqueous solution of leucoindigo, sodium hydroxide, and sodium...
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— Large amounts of chromite ore processing residue (COPR) wastes have been deposited in many countries worldwide, generating significant contamination issues from the highly mobile and toxic hexavalent chromium species (Cr(VI)). In this study, sodium dithionite (Na 2 S 2 O 4) was used to reduce Cr(VI) to Cr(III) in COPR containing …
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