Maximising coal recovery in challenging geologies represents a significant efficiency opportunity for most coal mining operations to increase the value of their resource. As the easy coal is mined out, mine operators need to …
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— Gem; Smoke Mine Smoke Mine Mine, Spell, AoE, Duration, Movement, Travel, Blink Level: (1-20) Cost: (6-13) Mana Reservation: (6-13) Mana Cooldown Time: 5.00 sec Can Store 3 Use(s) Cast Time: 0.50 sec Requires Level 10 Throws a mine that will teleport you to it when detonated. It covers both your escape and arrival with a cloud of …
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The detonation of the rock mass during the blasting process causes ground vibration. An explosive charge is inserted into the blast hole in order to explode and shatter rocks. …
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Detonation in an explosive column (contained, for example, in a blast hole) involves the passage through the column of a chemical reaction front. The front is driven through the …
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— where. Q: ventilation quantity requirement of fresh air, m 3 /s. Q g: contaminant flow rate, m 3 /s. TLV: threshold limit value of the contaminant, % B g: concentration of the contaminant in the normal intake air, %. Real-time monitoring and control allow mines to monitor contaminants and implement changes in local or mine …
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— This article examines the relationship between the velocity of detonation (VOD) of explosives and the p-wave velocity of rocks. The correlation between these …
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— The velocity of detonation is a crucial parameter in blasting activities conducted in mines and quarries. Understanding the VoD characteristics of explosive materials and incorporating this knowledge …
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— TN 10-20-01/2001 provides guidance on the calculation of estimation of explosion danger areas. The size of the disposal site will therefore provide the explosive limit. No open detonation shall be permitted with a Net Explosive Content (NEC) above the limit where fragments may travel further than the perimeter of the disposal site; and
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— The exploding-bridgewire detonator is a type of detonator used to initiate the detonation reaction in explosive materials, similar to a blasting cap because it is fired using an electric current. EBWs use a different physical mechanism than blasting caps, using more electricity delivered much more rapidly. They explode with more precise timing …
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— The law of blasting vibration caused by blasting in rock is very complex. Traditional numerical methods cannot well characterize all the influencing factors in the blasting process. The effects of millisecond time, charge length and detonation velocity on the blasting vibration are discussed by analyzing the characteristics of vibration wave …
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— The energies and the fragmentation efficiencies, η F, with respect to useful work and heat of explosion, are also listed in Table 6.5. The efficiencies in Eibenstein are within the range of efficiencies estimated for El Alto. The range of efficiencies is 1.9–6.0% of the heat of explosion and 3.1–8.8% of the useful work.
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— A blast that is well designed and executed generates better rock fragmentation, making loading, hauling, crushing and milling more energy-efficient, explains BME MD Ralf Hennecke.This results in ...
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— Kamlet and Jacobs [9] originally found that estimates of detonation velocity, corresponding surprisingly well with RUBY predictions [36], are possible for C H N O explosives using the following empirical relation: (1) D (km / s) = A (N M 1 / 2 Q 1 / 2) 1 / 2 (1 + B ρ 0) where A and B are constants, N is the number of moles of gaseous products ...
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A firework rocket is an item (and entity) used for creating decorative explosions, boosting when flying with elytra, and loading into a crossbow as ammunition. Fireworks can be obtained by crafting. In Java Edition, a firework with no explosion effect is available on the Creative inventory and can be crafted as shown below. In Bedrock Edition, fireworks …
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— A #2 emulsion explosive was adopted with a density of ρ = 1000 kg/m 3, detonation velocity of V d = 3600 m/s, cartridge diameter of d c = 32 mm, and bore diameter of d b = 42 mm. Peripheral holes were adopted in an axial discontinuous charging structure, and the detonating cord was laid in the holes to transmit the explosion. The other holes ...
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— In fact, as every mining company knows, without drilling, there wouldn't be mining. The days of picks and shovels are long gone. Drills and drill cores are the tools of discovery and regardless of whether it's for a future open-pit mine, or a deep and sometimes sub-marine operation, drilling and the equipment used to tap into the …
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1 The detonation of the explosive generates a high enough pressure to rupture the explosive container (mine body) with sufficient force that relatively small "fragments" are propelled at high velocities. The size and shape of these fragments is determined by the metallurgical history of the container, its physical condition and the ...
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— Ammonium Nitrate Fuel Oil (ANFO) is preferred mining explosives in worldwide. It is composed of ammonium nitrate (94-96%) and liquid hydrocarbon as fuel oil (4-6%), which is detonated through an ...
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— The accuracy of the detonation delays has been further fine-tuned, reaching a 0,02% firing accuracy for consistent and quality blasting that results in better rock fragmentation and consistency. He highlighted the positive impact this has on the efficiency of key mine measurables like loading rates and crusher throughput.
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— In this work, a high-throughput computation (HTC) and machine learning (ML) combined method was applied to identify the determining factors of the detonation velocity (v d) and detonation pressure (p d) of energetic molecules and screen potential high-energy molecules with acceptable stability in a high-throughput way.The HTC was …
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ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES AND MATERIALS VOL. 43, NO. 2 (2018) DOI: 10.24867/ATM-6 ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES & MATERIALS * Corresponding author's.e-mail: [email protected] Determination of Velocity of Detonation Using Dautrich Method Darko Šunjića*, Stipo Buljanb aUniversity of Mostar, Faculty of …
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shock and detonation properties are either known or implied. 8-10. Theoretical tools such as detonation shock dynamics (DSD) help interpret the effect of various changes to a material on the detonation propagation. Detonation shock velocity (D. n) vs. detonation front curvature (κ) relationships (so-called D. n – κ curves) can be generated ...
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All explosives by definition detonate in a 'direction' and at a specific rate.This specific rate is known in the industry as the "detonation-rate", or more frequently referred to as the Velocity of Detonation or VOD for short.. UTEC personnel use a variety of standard methods and instruments to actually measure the velocity of detonation of any commercial or …
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We studied seismic-wave generation from five small (60-122 kg) fully contained explosions detonated in Barre Granite as a part of the New England Damage Experiment (NEDE).
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— The key to a safe and successful blasting operation is compliance with regulations, guidelines, and best practices. With SafetyCulture (formerly iAuditor), you can easily create a checklist that …
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— Coal mine safety regulations in the US require mine seals to resist an explosion pressure–time curve that rises instantaneously to 0.8 MPa and remains at that level for 4 s.Pressure–time curves measured in these experiments show that shock waves with near-instantaneous rise time and magnitude greater than 1 MPa can develop from …
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In this article, we discuss how to safely conduct blasting operations in hard rock or soil. Safety Precautions before Blasting. The blasting operations shall be carried out under the supervision of a responsible authorized blasting engineer.
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— The verification of the blasting parameters of Ammonium Nitrate Fuel Oil (ANFO) with the addition of microstructured charcoal (MC) produced by destructive wood distillation was performed.
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Even though the use of explosives has unwanted side effects in the form of vibration, explosives provide an inexpensive source of energy for rock excavation in mining and civil engineering projects. Vibrations from blasting are transient, but the disturbance may result in permanent damage to property/structure.
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— Explosives with low VOD will have low impact on rock fragmentation than the ones with high VOD (Chiappetta, 1988, Heit, 2011).According to Cooper (1996), the explosive VOD is commonly used to approximate the detonation pressure and subsequently the explosive shock energy contained in an ideal explosive.The detonation pressure (P …
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— The method for calculating drilling-and-blasting operations parameters is based on the regularities of emulsion explosives energy characteristics change, the extent of detonation velocity...
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— Heat of explosion and useful work to 100 ... E.P. Pfleider (Ed.), Surf Mining, The American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical and Petroleum Engineers, New York (1968), pp. 355-372. Google Scholar [9] K.G. Hinzen. Comparison of seismic and explosive energy in five smooth blasting test rounds.
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